Understanding Emergency Custody Orders in Indiana Divorces: What Parents Need to Know

At Mattox & Wilson, we understand how emotionally charged and time-sensitive custody disputes can be—especially during or after divorce. If you believe your child is at risk and needs immediate protection, Indiana law does provide a process for seeking emergency custody. However, it’s not as simple as filing a motion and getting an order the next day. Emergency relief must be handled with great care—and strict compliance with court rules.

If you’re going through a divorce and need help with an emergency custody motion, call us today at 812-944-8005 to speak with an Indiana emergency custody attorney.

What Is an Emergency Custody Order in Indiana (And What It Is Not)?

We represent parents seeking emergency custody within the context of an existing divorce or custody case. These are situations where a sudden change in circumstances puts a child’s well-being at risk—such as when:

  • A parent threatens to relocate with the child without court approval
  • The other parent begins engaging in erratic or unsafe behavior
  • Substance abuse or domestic violence impacts the parenting environment

It’s important to note: we do not handle CHINS (Child in Need of Services) or DCS removals. Those cases typically involve child welfare agencies, require a 72-hour hearing, and are handled by court-appointed public defenders or specialized juvenile counsel.

How Does Emergency Custody Work in Divorce Cases?

If you’re in the middle of a divorce or already have a custody order in place, and you believe your child is in immediate danger, you may file a petition for a temporary emergency custody order. However, these orders:

  • Are rarely granted ex parte (without notice to the other parent)
  • Require strong factual support and documentation
  • Must comply with Indiana Trial Rule 65(B)

Indiana Trial Rule 65(B) allows for temporary orders without notice only if:

  1. There is evidence of immediate and irreparable harm
  2. The attorney certifies in writing what notice was attempted or why notice should not be required

Failure to follow these procedures could result in the court rejecting your petition and disciplinary consequences for improper conduct.

Do I Have to Notify The Other Party When I File An Emergency Custody Order?

The Indiana Supreme Court has made clear that courts and attorneys must strictly follow procedural safeguards when seeking emergency custody orders. In In Re Anonymous,[1] a lawyer was privately reprimanded for obtaining an emergency custody order for a client without proper notice to opposing counsel and without certifying the reasons notice should be waived under Trial Rule 65(B).

The case involved a custody dispute between grandparents and natural parents. Although the attorney believed the child was in danger, he:

  • Failed to notify the opposing party before obtaining the order
  • Did not provide the court with a written certification explaining why notice wasn’t given
  • Engaged in an impermissible ex parte communication with the judge

The Court emphasized that emergency custody motions, even when filed with good intentions, must respect due process and procedural fairness. The ruling underscores that:

“At the heart of our adversarial system of justice is the opportunity for both sides of a controversy to be fairly heard.”[2]

If you are considering an emergency motion, be aware that the court will scrutinize:

  • The urgency of the circumstances
  • Whether proper notice was given or justified
  • Whether the motion complies with Trial Rule 65(B) and Indiana’s Code of Professional Conduct

When Is Emergency Custody Appropriate in a Divorce?

Emergency custody motions are appropriate when a child’s health, safety, or emotional development is at immediate risk. This could include:

  • A parent engaging in dangerous behavior (violence, criminal activity, drug use)
  • Serious concerns about neglect or unsafe living conditions
  • A parent threatening to violate an existing parenting plan

In most cases, however, the court will not issue emergency orders unless there’s clear and convincing evidence of immediate harm. If the situation is serious but not urgent, a regular motion to modify custody or parenting time may be more appropriate.

How Is Emergency Custody Different from Emergency Parenting Time Modifications?

Parents often confuse emergency custody orders with emergency motions to modify parenting time. Both can be urgent, but they involve different legal mechanisms.

An emergency motion to modify parenting time, governed by Indiana Code § 31-17-4-2, is typically filed when one parent attempts to change or restrict the other’s visitation in a way that threatens the child’s stability or emotional development. Courts may consider emergency parenting time motions if:

  • The custodial parent is relocating without notice
  • One parent’s behavior poses a danger to the child
  • Substance abuse, violence, or unstable living arrangements arise
  • A substantial change in circumstances affects the child’s welfare

These motions must prove both that the change is in the child’s best interest and that there has been a significant and recent change in circumstances.

Need to know if your case qualifies for an emergency parenting modification? Our emergency custody lawyers can help you file and argue your motion efficiently. Call 812-944-8005 for a confidential consultation.

What Evidence Is Needed for an Emergency Custody Order?

To succeed in court, an individual typically needs to provide detailed and credible evidence that demonstrates imminent harm. Examples include:

  • Photos or videos showing injuries or unsafe living conditions
  • Police or DCS reports
  • Medical or mental health records
  • Witness statements from family, teachers, or neighbors
  • Threatening messages or documentation of substance abuse

Emergency custody orders are rarely issued without strong documentation. We help our clients gather this evidence quickly and present it convincingly in court.

How Do Indiana Courts Decide Whether to Modify Custody or Parenting Time?

Indiana judges will consider several statutory factors under Indiana Code § 31-17-2-8, including:

  • The child’s age and sex
  • Each parent’s wishes
  • The child’s relationship with parents, siblings, and others
  • The child’s adjustment to home, school, and community
  • The mental and physical health of everyone involved
  • A history of domestic violence or substance abuse

If you’re seeking an emergency modification, you must show that a substantial change has occurred and that the change is in the child’s best interest.

Do I Need a Lawyer to File an Emergency Custody Motion?

Yes. The rules for emergency relief are complex—and courts expect strict compliance with filing procedures, evidence standards, and notification requirements. Missteps can harm your credibility or result in your motion being denied.

At Mattox & Wilson, we help parents:

  • Evaluate whether emergency relief is appropriate
  • Prepare and file petitions that meet Indiana legal standards
  • Present compelling evidence at emergency or expedited hearings
  • Avoid procedural pitfalls that can delay or derail relief

Call 812-944-8005 to speak directly with an emergency custody attorney serving New Albany and Southern Indiana.

We Don’t Handle CHINS or DCS Removal Cases

If your child has been taken by the Department of Child Services (DCS) and is part of a CHINS (Child in Need of Services) proceeding, we do not handle those cases. CHINS cases typically involve:

  • A 72-hour emergency hearing
  • Juvenile court jurisdiction
  • State-appointed counsel for parents who qualify

If this is your situation, the court will typically appoint an attorney to represent you, or you may wish to consult a firm that focuses on juvenile defense.

Call Today To Schedule A Consultation With An Experienced Emergency Custody Lawyer to Learn More About Your Legal Rights and Options.

Emergency custody motions are not routine requests—they must be used responsibly and only when truly justified by urgent, documented concerns. As the Indiana Supreme Court made clear in In Re Anonymous, attorneys and courts alike have a duty to avoid unfair ex parte action and ensure every party has a voice before custody is disrupted.

At Mattox & Wilson, we handle emergency custody issues within the scope of divorce, parenting time modifications, and custody disputes. We act swiftly—but carefully—to help ensure your child’s safety and your rights are protected.

If you’re in the middle of a divorce or custody dispute and believe your child is at immediate risk, call us at 812-944-8005 to speak with an experienced Indiana emergency custody lawyer.


[1] In Re Anonymous, 729 N.E.2d 566 (Ind. 2000).

[2] Id at 569.

Pay Bill Pay Retainer